{
  "schemaVersion": 2,
  "categories": [
    {
      "id": "all",
      "label": "All discoveries"
    },
    {
      "id": "sights",
      "label": "Major sights"
    },
    {
      "id": "gardens",
      "label": "Gardens & walks"
    },
    {
      "id": "food",
      "label": "Food & markets"
    },
    {
      "id": "culture",
      "label": "Culture & museums"
    },
    {
      "id": "shopping",
      "label": "Shopping"
    },
    {
      "id": "evening",
      "label": "Evenings"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    {
      "label": "Japan’s railways, from the basics",
      "url": "/railway-guides/"
    },
    {
      "label": "Useful Japanese along the way",
      "url": "/japanese/"
    },
    {
      "label": "Find your next city",
      "url": "/things-to-do/"
    },
    {
      "label": "Take Fumi with you",
      "url": "https://fumijapan.com/"
    }
  ],
  "id": "sapporo",
  "name": "Sapporo",
  "japaneseName": "札幌",
  "title": "Sapporo, at your own pace.",
  "checked": "2026-10-23",
  "publication": "published",
  "filmId": null,
  "intro": "Big skies, leafy parks and something delicious around the next corner. Discover a city of warm welcomes, bright evenings and room to breathe. Take your time. Sapporo has plenty to share.",
  "metaDescription": "Discover Sapporo with 16 photographed places, six relaxed outings, interactive maps and a free day planner. Parks, local food, city views, art and practical winter advice.",
  "map": {
    "center": [
      43.06,
      141.354
    ],
    "zoom": 13,
    "tileUrl": "https://tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
    "attribution": "© <a href=\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright\">OpenStreetMap</a> contributors",
    "maxZoom": 18
  },
  "heroImage": "sapporo-odori",
  "heroCaption": "A little city sparkle. A whole lot of Hokkaido.",
  "areas": [
    {
      "id": "centre",
      "label": "Odori & the city centre",
      "intro": "Landmarks, gardens and an easy first introduction."
    },
    {
      "id": "south",
      "label": "Markets, arcades & Susukino",
      "intro": "A delicious lunch, a little browsing and bright evenings."
    },
    {
      "id": "west",
      "label": "Maruyama & the art museum",
      "intro": "Woodland approaches and a thoughtful indoor pause."
    },
    {
      "id": "moiwa",
      "label": "Nakajima & Mount Moiwa",
      "intro": "A park afternoon and a view to remember."
    },
    {
      "id": "north",
      "label": "University & beer heritage",
      "intro": "Spacious grounds and a taste of the city’s story."
    },
    {
      "id": "chocolate",
      "label": "Shiroi Koibito Park",
      "intro": "A separate outing for chocolate and sweet discoveries."
    },
    {
      "id": "moerenuma",
      "label": "Moerenuma Park",
      "intro": "Sculpture, sky and a landscape worth giving time to."
    }
  ],
  "stations": [
    {
      "id": "sapporo",
      "label": "Sapporo · JR station",
      "query": "JR Sapporo Station 札幌駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "odori",
      "label": "Odori · subway",
      "query": "Odori Station 大通駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "susukino",
      "label": "Susukino · subway & streetcar",
      "query": "Susukino Station すすきの駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "maruyama",
      "label": "Maruyama Koen · subway",
      "query": "Maruyama Koen Station 円山公園駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "nishi18",
      "label": "Nishi 18-chome · subway",
      "query": "Nishi 18 Chome Station 西１８丁目駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "nakajima",
      "label": "Nakajima Koen · subway",
      "query": "Nakajima Koen Station 中島公園駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "miyanosawa",
      "label": "Miyanosawa · subway",
      "query": "Miyanosawa Station 宮の沢駅"
    },
    {
      "id": "kanjo",
      "label": "Kanjo Dori Higashi · subway & bus connection",
      "query": "Kanjo Dori Higashi Station 環状通東駅"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "odori",
      "name": "Odori Park",
      "ja": "大通公園",
      "area": "centre",
      "category": [
        "sights",
        "gardens"
      ],
      "tagline": "A green ribbon through the heart of the city",
      "description": "Flower beds, fountains and broad views give Sapporo a wonderfully open centre. Choose a few blocks, sit for a moment and let the city come to you; there is no need to walk the park from end to end.",
      "lat": 43.05976,
      "lng": 141.34664,
      "minutes": [
        40,
        80
      ],
      "terrain": "Mostly level urban paths and road crossings; snow and ice in winter.",
      "shelter": "outdoor",
      "shortVisit": true,
      "entry": "Park free; events and purchases extra",
      "arrival": "Start near Odori subway station and choose a short section towards the TV Tower or west through the gardens. The pin marks the park around Nishi 7; you can enjoy the eastern blocks without walking that far.",
      "practical": "Flowers, fountains, food stalls and festivals follow seasonal calendars. The Snow Festival is a dated winter event, not a permanent display. Cross roads at the signals and allow extra time on snowy paths.",
      "address": "Odori Nishi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Odori Park Sapporo 大通公園",
      "source": "https://odori-park.jp/en/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "tvtower",
        "clocktower"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-odori",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Choose a short paved section with nearby subway access. Check the station’s lift route; winter snow can narrow the usable paths.",
      "imageCaption": "Autumn seen from above; park scenery and events change with the season.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-odori"
    },
    {
      "id": "tvtower",
      "name": "Sapporo TV Tower",
      "ja": "さっぽろテレビ塔",
      "area": "centre",
      "category": [
        "sights",
        "evening"
      ],
      "tagline": "See the city open out beneath you",
      "description": "From the observation deck, Odori Park becomes a long green line through the city. Come for your first bearings or return as the streets begin to sparkle; a clear view makes the visit especially rewarding.",
      "lat": 43.06111,
      "lng": 141.35639,
      "minutes": [
        45,
        70
      ],
      "terrain": "Indoor observation deck with lifts; outdoor approach and possible queues.",
      "shelter": "indoor",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Paid observation-deck admission",
      "arrival": "Find the tower at the eastern end of Odori Park, close to Odori subway station. Follow the visitor entrance signs at the base.",
      "practical": "Normally 09:00–22:00, last deck entry 21:50. Announced full closures include 11 November 2026 and 1 January 2027. Check current notices and visibility before buying a ticket; allow for the lift queue. Shops may close earlier than the deck.",
      "address": "Odori Nishi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Sapporo TV Tower さっぽろテレビ塔",
      "source": "https://www.tv-tower.co.jp/pricetime.html",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "odori",
        "nijo"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-tvtower",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Ask staff about the lift route and wheelchair arrangements. There is no need to take a stair-climbing event to enjoy the view.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-tvtower"
    },
    {
      "id": "clocktower",
      "name": "Sapporo Clock Tower",
      "ja": "札幌市時計台",
      "area": "centre",
      "category": [
        "sights",
        "culture"
      ],
      "tagline": "A small wooden building with a big city story",
      "description": "The familiar clock tower becomes more interesting when you step inside. Discover its connection with Sapporo’s early educational history, then look again at the little wooden landmark among the modern streets.",
      "lat": 43.062602,
      "lng": 141.353681,
      "minutes": [
        35,
        60
      ],
      "terrain": "Historic building with indoor displays and upper-floor access to check.",
      "shelter": "indoor",
      "shortVisit": true,
      "entry": "Paid museum admission",
      "arrival": "Walk from Odori or Sapporo station to the signed museum entrance. For the outside view, use the designated viewing space and keep the pavement clear.",
      "practical": "Normally 08:45–17:10, last entry 17:00; closed 1–3 January. Check the operator’s current notices, including preservation work or special events. Clock demonstrations and concerts have their own schedules. The exterior can be enjoyed separately.",
      "address": "Kita 1-jo Nishi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Sapporo Clock Tower 札幌市時計台",
      "source": "https://sapporoshi-tokeidai.jp/english/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "redbrick",
        "odori"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-clocktower",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Ask reception about the accessible route and upper-floor assistance in this historic building. A short exterior visit is also worthwhile.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-clocktower"
    },
    {
      "id": "redbrick",
      "name": "Red Brick Government Office",
      "ja": "北海道庁旧本庁舎（赤れんが庁舎）",
      "area": "centre",
      "category": [
        "sights",
        "culture",
        "evening"
      ],
      "tagline": "Step inside a beautifully restored landmark",
      "description": "Red brick, graceful details and rooms full of Hokkaido stories make this a lovely introduction to the island. Enjoy the building as well as the exhibitions, and take a little time for the grounds on the way in.",
      "lat": 43.06389,
      "lng": 141.34806,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        100
      ],
      "terrain": "Restored historic interiors and outdoor grounds; winter paths need care.",
      "shelter": "indoor",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Paid building admission; grounds separate",
      "arrival": "Approach the former government office from the city-centre side, a walk from Sapporo or Odori station. Use the restored building’s signed public entrance.",
      "practical": "Reopened in July 2025 with paid admission. Normally 08:45–21:00, last entry 20:30; announced closures include 15 November 2026 and 29 December–3 January. Café and exhibition arrangements may differ. Use current notices rather than older closure or free-entry advice.",
      "address": "Kita 3-jo Nishi 6-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Hokkaido Government Office Red Brick Building 北海道庁旧本庁舎",
      "source": "https://www.hokkaido-redbrick.jp/en/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "clocktower",
        "hokkaido-university"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-redbrick",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "The operator identifies a south-side basement-level ramp and intercom for the accessible approach. Ask staff about lifts and your preferred route; outdoor paths can be snowy.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-redbrick"
    },
    {
      "id": "nijo",
      "name": "Nijo Market",
      "ja": "二条市場",
      "area": "south",
      "category": [
        "food",
        "shopping",
        "culture"
      ],
      "tagline": "Make lunch a Hokkaido discovery",
      "description": "Seafood stalls and small restaurants invite a closer look at what comes from Hokkaido’s waters. Browse before choosing a meal, ask about portions and enjoy the pleasure of something prepared just for you.",
      "lat": 43.05835,
      "lng": 141.35876,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        100
      ],
      "terrain": "Compact market lanes and small shops; narrow or stepped entrances.",
      "shelter": "mixed",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Browsing free; meals and purchases extra",
      "arrival": "Walk southeast from the TV Tower towards the market around Minami 2-jo Higashi 1-chome, beside the Sosei River. The pin marks the market block, not a restaurant booking.",
      "practical": "The market operator lists roughly 07:00–17:00, with individual shops and restaurants setting their own hours. Morning and lunch are the useful windows; venues can sell out. Check your chosen restaurant, and ask about raw ingredients, allergies and the price before ordering.",
      "address": "Minami 2-jo Higashi 1-chome and adjoining market streets, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Nijo Market 二条市場",
      "source": "https://nijomarket.com/en/about_en/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "tanukikoji",
        "tvtower"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-nijo",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Choose a restaurant with seating and an entrance that works for you. Keep market lanes clear and ask vendors before photographing.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-nijo"
    },
    {
      "id": "tanukikoji",
      "name": "Tanukikoji Shopping Arcade",
      "ja": "狸小路商店街",
      "area": "south",
      "category": [
        "shopping",
        "food",
        "evening"
      ],
      "tagline": "A covered stroll with plenty to tempt you",
      "description": "Old favourites and new little discoveries share this long shopping arcade. Browse a few blocks, pause for coffee and leave a little space in your bag for something that will remind you of Sapporo.",
      "lat": 43.05739,
      "lng": 141.35377,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        100
      ],
      "terrain": "Covered arcade with road crossings; shop entrances and crowds vary.",
      "shelter": "mixed",
      "shortVisit": true,
      "entry": "Arcade free; shopping and food extra",
      "arrival": "Enter the arcade from the central streets between Odori and Susukino. Choose a manageable section; the streets crossing the arcade are still open to traffic.",
      "practical": "The roof offers useful shelter, but this is not a fully indoor complex. Shops, cafés and restaurants keep different hours. Check ingredients and carrying restrictions before buying food to take home.",
      "address": "Minami 2–3-jo Nishi 1–7-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Tanukikoji Shopping Street 狸小路商店街",
      "source": "https://tanukikoji.or.jp/access/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "nijo",
        "susukino"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-tanukikoji",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "The main arcade is generally an easy stroll; individual premises can have steps. Watch the cross streets and slippery approaches in winter.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-tanukikoji"
    },
    {
      "id": "susukino",
      "name": "Susukino lights & dinner",
      "ja": "すすきの",
      "area": "south",
      "category": [
        "food",
        "evening"
      ],
      "tagline": "Let dinner be the evening’s main event",
      "description": "Bright signs announce a district full of places to eat. Look for a welcoming restaurant, a steaming bowl of ramen or a leisurely Hokkaido meal, and let the lights provide the backdrop to your evening.",
      "lat": 43.05536,
      "lng": 141.35335,
      "minutes": [
        90,
        150
      ],
      "terrain": "Busy city streets, crossings and varied restaurant entrances.",
      "shelter": "mixed",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "District free; meals and drinks extra",
      "arrival": "Arrive at Susukino subway station or by streetcar and choose your restaurant before wandering far. The map pin marks the central crossing.",
      "practical": "This is also an adult nightlife district. Families can choose an early meal on the main streets. Reserve popular restaurants, use clearly priced venues and check your last useful train or tram. Alcohol is for ages 20 and over.",
      "address": "Around Minami 4-jo Nishi 3–4-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Susukino Station すすきの駅",
      "source": "https://visit.sapporo.travel/discover/city/susukino/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "tanukikoji",
        "nakajima"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-susukino",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Select an accessible restaurant in advance and keep the route short. Busy crossings and winter ice can make a small walk slower than expected.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-susukino"
    },
    {
      "id": "nakajima",
      "name": "Nakajima Park",
      "ja": "中島公園",
      "area": "moiwa",
      "category": [
        "gardens",
        "culture"
      ],
      "tagline": "A little breathing space beside the pond",
      "description": "Trees, water and spacious paths make this an easy place to slow the day down. Choose a gentle loop, enjoy the changing colours and find a bench before continuing to lunch or the city’s evening views.",
      "lat": 43.04389,
      "lng": 141.35404,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        90
      ],
      "terrain": "Park paths, bridges and optional garden steps; snow and ice in winter.",
      "shelter": "outdoor",
      "shortVisit": true,
      "entry": "Main park free; some buildings or events separate",
      "arrival": "Take the Namboku subway line to Nakajima Koen and enter the park nearby. Pick a short loop rather than following every path.",
      "practical": "The Japanese garden normally closes from early November to late April; main park paths remain a separate visit. Boating, historic buildings and concerts have their own arrangements. Stay off frozen water and shorten the walk in poor conditions.",
      "address": "Nakajimakoen, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Nakajima Park 中島公園",
      "source": "https://www.sapporo-park.or.jp/nakajima/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "moiwa",
        "susukino"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-nakajima",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Choose wider surfaced paths and check the nearest accessible station exit. Snow conditions can change the practical route considerably.",
      "imageCaption": "Autumn beside the pond; paths and scenery change through the year.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-nakajima"
    },
    {
      "id": "hokkaido-shrine",
      "name": "Hokkaido Shrine",
      "ja": "北海道神宮",
      "area": "west",
      "category": [
        "sights",
        "culture",
        "gardens"
      ],
      "tagline": "A peaceful pause among the trees",
      "description": "A generous approach through the trees leads to one of Hokkaido’s important shrines. Walk slowly, notice the details and give the rituals around you space; the atmosphere is part of the visit.",
      "lat": 43.054235,
      "lng": 141.307705,
      "minutes": [
        45,
        75
      ],
      "terrain": "Wooded approaches, gravel, slopes and some steps.",
      "shelter": "outdoor",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Shrine grounds free; optional offerings and purchases extra",
      "arrival": "Approach through Maruyama Park from Maruyama Koen subway station. Follow the shrine signs and choose an entrance suited to your mobility.",
      "practical": "A working shrine: worship and ceremonies take priority. Winter gate closing can be as early as 16:00; check the exact month’s hours and arrive in daylight. Follow photography signs, avoid closed areas and check snow conditions before a long wooded walk.",
      "address": "474 Miyagaoka, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Hokkaido Jingu 北海道神宮",
      "source": "https://www.sapporo.travel/spot/facility/hokkaido_shrine/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "maruyama"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-hokkaido-shrine",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Ask for the least stepped approach if needed. Gravel, gradients and snow mean that a wooded shrine visit differs from a level city pavement.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-hokkaido-shrine"
    },
    {
      "id": "maruyama",
      "name": "Maruyama Park",
      "ja": "円山公園",
      "area": "west",
      "category": [
        "gardens"
      ],
      "tagline": "A leafy wander on the western side of town",
      "description": "Mature trees and open spaces create a quieter setting for a walk. Pair a short park stroll with the nearby shrine and a good lunch; you can enjoy the neighbourhood without taking on the mountain trail.",
      "lat": 43.055949,
      "lng": 141.312736,
      "minutes": [
        45,
        75
      ],
      "terrain": "Woodland and park paths; slopes, uneven surfaces and winter ice.",
      "shelter": "outdoor",
      "shortVisit": true,
      "entry": "Park free; zoo and other facilities separate",
      "arrival": "Start from Maruyama Koen subway station and follow signs towards the park. This suggestion stays on the lower park paths.",
      "practical": "The mountain hiking trail and Maruyama Zoo are separate outings. Cherry blossoms are seasonal and busy at their peak. Keep to open paths; do not feed or approach wildlife.",
      "address": "Miyagaoka, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Maruyama Park Sapporo 円山公園",
      "source": "https://maruyamapark.jp/access/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "hokkaido-shrine",
        "art-museum"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-maruyama",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Keep to a short lower-park route if gradients are difficult. Choose the art museum instead when snow or ice makes paths unsuitable.",
      "imageCaption": "Spring picnic season in Maruyama Park; blossom dates and conditions vary.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-maruyama"
    },
    {
      "id": "moiwa",
      "name": "Mount Moiwa view",
      "ja": "藻岩山",
      "area": "moiwa",
      "category": [
        "sights",
        "evening"
      ],
      "tagline": "Watch the city become a sea of lights",
      "description": "A ropeway journey and the summit transport bring you to a broad panorama of Sapporo. Come for clear skies and stay for the changing light, leaving room in the evening for an unhurried meal afterwards.",
      "lat": 43.031561,
      "lng": 141.333054,
      "minutes": [
        120,
        180
      ],
      "terrain": "Ropeway and summit transport; queues, outdoor viewing areas and cold winds.",
      "shelter": "mixed",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Paid ropeway and summit transport",
      "arrival": "Take the streetcar to Ropeway Iriguchi, then the free shuttle when operating. It currently starts at 17:17 on weekdays; before that, allow an uphill walk of about 500 m or use a taxi to the base. Check weekend and winter schedules. The pin is the Sanroku base station, not the summit.",
      "practical": "Check live operation, visibility and the last return; wind can stop services. Announced closures include 31 December, 1 January and 29 March–28 April 2027. The scenic road closes for winter separately from the ropeway. Take warm layers and allow for queues at both transport stages.",
      "address": "5-3-7 Fushimi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Sapporo Mt Moiwa Ropeway Sanroku Station もいわ山ロープウェイ 山麓駅",
      "source": "https://mt-moiwa.jp/guide/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "nakajima",
        "susukino"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-moiwa",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Ask the operator about accessible transport and boarding assistance. A summit viewing visit does not require a hike; outdoor decks can still be cold, wet or icy.",
      "accessUrl": "https://mt-moiwa.jp/access/shuttlebus-tram/",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-moiwa"
    },
    {
      "id": "beer-museum",
      "name": "Sapporo Beer Museum",
      "ja": "サッポロビール博物館",
      "area": "north",
      "category": [
        "culture",
        "food"
      ],
      "tagline": "Follow a familiar name back to its beginnings",
      "description": "A handsome red-brick building tells the story of brewing in Hokkaido. Look at the old labels and displays, then choose whether to add a tasting or a meal in the surrounding complex.",
      "lat": 43.0715,
      "lng": 141.3689,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        100
      ],
      "terrain": "Indoor museum with outdoor approach; separate tasting and restaurant areas.",
      "shelter": "indoor",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Paid museum admission; tastings and meals extra",
      "arrival": "Walk from Naebo JR station’s north exit, or use Higashi Kuyakusho Mae subway station and the official walking route. Consult the operator for current bus options. Beer Garden restaurants are separate from museum admission.",
      "practical": "Self-guided visits became paid on 1 July 2026. Normally 11:00–18:00, last entry 17:30; closed 31 December and on announced temporary dates. Monday restrictions concern separately booked guided tours. Tastings cost extra and are only for adults aged 20 and over.",
      "address": "9-1-1 Kita 7-jo Higashi, Higashi-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Sapporo Beer Museum サッポロビール博物館",
      "source": "https://www.sapporobeer.jp/brewery/s_museum/kengaku/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "hokkaido-university"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-beer-museum",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Ask staff about the accessible entrance and lifts. Families can focus on the history displays; drinking is not required to enjoy the visit.",
      "accessUrl": "https://www.sapporobeer.jp/brewery/s_museum/access/",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-beer-museum"
    },
    {
      "id": "shiroikoibito",
      "name": "Shiroi Koibito Park",
      "ja": "白い恋人パーク",
      "area": "chocolate",
      "category": [
        "culture",
        "food",
        "shopping"
      ],
      "tagline": "A sweet little world on the edge of the city",
      "description": "Chocolate-making stories, playful details and a pretty garden setting make an inviting half-day discovery. Choose the factory displays, a booked activity or simply a café pause, depending on what interests you.",
      "lat": 43.08869,
      "lng": 141.27168,
      "minutes": [
        120,
        180
      ],
      "terrain": "Indoor visitor areas and outdoor gardens; queues and weather exposure between areas.",
      "shelter": "mixed",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Paid factory visitor area; free grounds and purchases separate",
      "arrival": "Take the Tozai subway line to Miyanosawa, then follow the park’s walking directions. Allow for the walk from the station, especially in snow.",
      "practical": "The park normally opens 10:00–18:00, with paid-area entry ending 16:30 and some facilities closing earlier. Workshops need separate booking and can sell out. The free grounds and shops are separate from the paid visit. Garden features and outdoor activities vary by season.",
      "address": "2-11-36 Miyanosawa 2-jo, Nishi-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Shiroi Koibito Park 白い恋人パーク",
      "source": "https://www.shiroikoibitopark.jp/en/facilities.html",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "art-museum"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-shiroikoibito",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Consult the park’s accessibility guide for lifts, toilets and workshop suitability. Choose indoor displays in bad weather; the station approach is outdoors.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-shiroikoibito"
    },
    {
      "id": "moerenuma",
      "name": "Moerenuma Park",
      "ja": "モエレ沼公園",
      "area": "moerenuma",
      "category": [
        "gardens",
        "sights",
        "culture"
      ],
      "tagline": "Art on the scale of a whole landscape",
      "description": "Isamu Noguchi’s park invites you to look at hills, open space and sculpture in a different way. Give it a proper outing: choose a few features, enjoy the sky and resist the temptation to cover every corner.",
      "lat": 43.12211,
      "lng": 141.42745,
      "minutes": [
        120,
        180
      ],
      "terrain": "Large exposed park with long distances, hills and some steps.",
      "shelter": "outdoor",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Park free; equipment, exhibitions and purchases may cost extra",
      "arrival": "Take the subway to Kanjo Dori Higashi, then the current Chuo bus to Moerenuma Koen Higashiguchi. Use the east entrance in winter and check your return before leaving. The pin marks the park interior for orientation; directions lead to the east entrance.",
      "practical": "Park gates and facilities keep different hours. The Glass Pyramid normally closes Mondays in winter; fountains, water play and bicycle hire are seasonal. All toilets are scheduled to close 09:00–15:00 on 9 November 2026 for power work, with 16 November as backup. Check notices, food options and the return bus before travelling.",
      "address": "1-1 Moerenumakoen, Higashi-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Moerenuma Park East Entrance モエレ沼公園 東口",
      "source": "https://moerenumapark.jp/english/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "odori"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-moerenuma",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Choose a modest surfaced route near the entrance. Distances are substantial, hills are optional and winter surfaces may be unsuitable; ask about accessible bus and park arrangements in advance.",
      "imageCaption": "The Glass Pyramid; check the building’s opening days separately from the park.",
      "accessUrl": "https://moerenumapark.jp/access/",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-moerenuma"
    },
    {
      "id": "hokkaido-university",
      "name": "Hokkaido University campus",
      "ja": "北海道大学",
      "area": "north",
      "category": [
        "gardens",
        "culture"
      ],
      "tagline": "A spacious stroll through a working university",
      "description": "Tree-lined paths and handsome buildings make a calm change from the station streets. Take a short campus walk, then explore the university museum if it is open and you would like a little more of the story.",
      "lat": 43.0726,
      "lng": 141.34184,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        100
      ],
      "terrain": "Large campus with surfaced paths, road crossings and winter ice.",
      "shelter": "outdoor",
      "shortVisit": true,
      "entry": "Campus walk free; museum separately scheduled",
      "arrival": "Enter from the main gate north of Sapporo Station and follow the official campus visitor map towards the University Museum. The pin marks the museum as an orientation point, not the main gate. Stay on public visitor routes.",
      "practical": "A working university: building access varies. The free museum normally opens 10:00–17:00, closing Mondays (Tuesday after a Monday holiday) and 28 December–4 January. Autumn colour is seasonal. Respect teaching spaces and avoid the student cafeterias’ weekday lunch peak.",
      "address": "Hokkaido University south campus; museum at Kita 10-jo Nishi 8-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Hokkaido University Museum 北海道大学総合博物館",
      "source": "https://visit.sapporo.travel/discover/nature/hokkaido-university/",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "redbrick",
        "beer-museum"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-hokkaido-university",
      "admission": "free",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Choose a short route from the main gate and consult the campus accessibility map. The grounds are much larger than a quick station-side garden.",
      "imageCaption": "The university’s ginkgo avenue in autumn; colour is seasonal.",
      "accessUrl": "https://www.museum.hokudai.ac.jp/english/visit/",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-hokkaido-university"
    },
    {
      "id": "art-museum",
      "name": "Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art",
      "ja": "北海道立近代美術館",
      "area": "west",
      "category": [
        "culture"
      ],
      "tagline": "Give a few beautiful things your full attention",
      "description": "Art connected with Hokkaido and changing exhibitions offer a rewarding indoor pause. Choose the exhibition that appeals to you, look slowly and leave time to talk about a favourite work over lunch.",
      "lat": 43.06026,
      "lng": 141.33038,
      "minutes": [
        60,
        100
      ],
      "terrain": "Indoor galleries with an outdoor station approach.",
      "shelter": "indoor",
      "shortVisit": false,
      "entry": "Paid exhibitions; prices vary by programme",
      "arrival": "Take the Tozai subway line to Nishi 18-chome and follow the museum’s access directions. Check the exhibition calendar before making it your main destination.",
      "practical": "Normally 09:30–17:00, last admission 16:30. Usually closed Mondays, with holiday substitutions, year-end and exhibition-change closures. Special exhibitions and collection displays have different tickets; photography rules vary.",
      "address": "Kita 1-jo Nishi 17-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo",
      "query": "Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art 北海道立近代美術館",
      "source": "https://artmuseum.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/knb/english/guide/about",
      "sourceLabel": "Official visitor information",
      "pairs": [
        "maruyama",
        "shiroikoibito"
      ],
      "image": "sapporo-art-museum",
      "admission": "paid",
      "family": true,
      "access": "Ask reception about lifts, seating and the most convenient gallery route. This is a good indoor choice when the current exhibition calendar suits your date.",
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#place-art-museum"
    }
  ],
  "plans": [
    {
      "id": "first-day",
      "title": "A lovely first day in Sapporo",
      "eyebrow": "City stories, park views and a leisurely lunch",
      "image": "sapporo-odori",
      "stops": [
        "redbrick",
        "clocktower",
        "odori",
        "tvtower"
      ],
      "budget": 480,
      "duration": "About 8 hours",
      "mode": "walking",
      "description": "Begin with the restored Red Brick building, find the story inside the Clock Tower and enjoy the city’s broad green heart. A view from above makes a lovely finish, with plenty of room for lunch along the way.",
      "note": "Allow for the station approach, opening times, travel, meals and breaks. These are generous planning allowances, not a timetable.",
      "pace": "Central streets and crossings; shorten outdoor walks in winter",
      "startStation": "sapporo",
      "returnStation": "odori",
      "arrival": "Walk from Sapporo Station towards the Red Brick building. Continue through the centre to the Clock Tower and Odori Park; use a taxi for any approach that feels too far.",
      "meal": "Choose a seated lunch near Odori or the Clock Tower. Give yourself time to look at menus and take a proper break.",
      "shorten": "Choose Red Brick, lunch and a short park stroll. Add the tower only if visibility and energy are good.",
      "weather": "The two historic buildings provide indoor visits when open. Keep the park short in rain or ice; the TV Tower view depends on visibility.",
      "bestFor": "City stories, park views and a leisurely lunch",
      "stages": [
        {
          "place": "redbrick",
          "note": "Explore the restored building and its Hokkaido displays."
        },
        {
          "place": "clocktower",
          "note": "Step inside for the history, then enjoy the exterior from the designated viewing space."
        },
        {
          "place": "odori",
          "note": "Walk a few park blocks, with lunch and a rest nearby."
        },
        {
          "place": "tvtower",
          "note": "Check visibility and opening hours before taking the lift to the view."
        }
      ],
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#outing-first-day"
    },
    {
      "id": "market-evening",
      "title": "A market lunch and a sparkling evening",
      "eyebrow": "Good food, a covered browse and city lights",
      "image": "sapporo-susukino",
      "stops": [
        "nijo",
        "tanukikoji",
        "susukino"
      ],
      "budget": 480,
      "duration": "About 8 hours",
      "mode": "walking",
      "description": "Start with a morning market visit or early lunch, enjoy an unhurried arcade browse and finish with dinner as the signs light up. A generous day leaves room for a café, shopping and the food that catches your eye.",
      "note": "Allow for the station approach, opening times, travel, meals and breaks. These are generous planning allowances, not a timetable.",
      "pace": "Compact central streets; arcade crossings and small restaurant entrances",
      "startStation": "odori",
      "returnStation": "susukino",
      "arrival": "From Odori, walk to Nijo Market in the morning or for an early lunch, while your chosen stalls and restaurant are open. Plan dinner separately and enjoy the arcade in between.",
      "meal": "Lunch at Nijo, a café break in the arcade and an early dinner in Susukino make this a delicious day. Keep portions comfortable.",
      "shorten": "Choose the arcade and a booked dinner, or the market and lunch. Do not save the market for late evening.",
      "weather": "Tanukikoji gives some shelter, but cross streets and connections remain outdoors. In severe weather choose one meal venue and travel there directly.",
      "bestFor": "Good food, a covered browse and city lights",
      "stages": [
        {
          "place": "nijo",
          "note": "Browse the daytime market and settle down for lunch."
        },
        {
          "place": "tanukikoji",
          "note": "Choose a few arcade blocks, with a café stop and time for shopping."
        },
        {
          "place": "susukino",
          "note": "Enjoy an early dinner on the main streets, then return from Susukino station."
        }
      ],
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#outing-market-evening"
    },
    {
      "id": "western-day",
      "title": "Trees, a shrine and a little art",
      "eyebrow": "A quieter day on the western side",
      "image": "sapporo-hokkaido-shrine",
      "stops": [
        "maruyama",
        "hokkaido-shrine",
        "art-museum"
      ],
      "budget": 480,
      "duration": "About 8 hours",
      "mode": "transit",
      "description": "Enjoy a short lower-park walk and a respectful shrine visit, then pause for lunch before an afternoon with art. The Tozai subway line makes the move back towards the museum straightforward.",
      "note": "Allow for the station approach, opening times, travel, meals and breaks. These are generous planning allowances, not a timetable.",
      "pace": "Wooded paths, gravel and some slopes, followed by indoor galleries",
      "startStation": "maruyama",
      "returnStation": "nishi18",
      "arrival": "Start at Maruyama Koen subway station in the morning. After the park, shrine and lunch, take the Tozai line one stop to Nishi 18-chome. Reach the shrine before its winter 16:00 closing and the museum well before 16:30 last entry.",
      "meal": "Look for lunch around Maruyama Koen station, checking opening days. A leisurely meal makes a natural break between the outdoor and indoor parts.",
      "shorten": "Choose the park and shrine with lunch, or the art museum and a café. There is no need to fit in all three.",
      "weather": "In rain or icy conditions, start with the art museum if open and leave the wooded paths for another day. Check Monday and exhibition-change closures first.",
      "bestFor": "A quieter day on the western side",
      "stages": [
        {
          "place": "maruyama",
          "note": "Keep to the lower park paths; this outing does not include the mountain hike."
        },
        {
          "place": "hokkaido-shrine",
          "note": "Visit during gate hours, following worship and photography guidance."
        },
        {
          "place": "art-museum",
          "note": "After lunch and the short subway transfer, enjoy the current exhibitions before last admission."
        }
      ],
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#outing-western-day"
    },
    {
      "id": "park-and-view",
      "title": "A park afternoon and lights from above",
      "eyebrow": "A spacious afternoon with a memorable finish",
      "image": "sapporo-moiwa",
      "stops": [
        "nakajima",
        "moiwa"
      ],
      "budget": 480,
      "duration": "About 8 hours",
      "mode": "transit",
      "description": "Begin gently beside Nakajima Park’s water and trees, pause for lunch or a café and head for Mount Moiwa as the light changes. Keep the view weather-dependent and allow a spacious afternoon and evening for travel, queues and dinner after the descent.",
      "note": "Allow for the station approach, opening times, travel, meals and breaks. These are generous planning allowances, not a timetable.",
      "pace": "Park walk, streetcar or taxi, shuttle and ropeway; queues need time",
      "startStation": "nakajima",
      "returnStation": "susukino",
      "arrival": "Start at Nakajima Koen subway station in daylight. Afterwards, use a suitable streetcar stop for Ropeway Iriguchi. The free base shuttle currently starts at 17:17 on weekdays; for an earlier sunset, allow the 500 m uphill approach or take a taxi to the base. Check weekend and winter schedules.",
      "meal": "Enjoy lunch or a café before the mountain, then dinner in Susukino after descending. A summit restaurant needs its own reservation and is not included.",
      "shorten": "Choose the ropeway and dinner, skipping the park. If the mountain is clouded in, enjoy the park briefly and have an earlier meal instead.",
      "weather": "Check the ropeway’s live status and visibility before leaving the park. Wind or cloud can change the whole outing; take a warm layer even when the city feels mild.",
      "bestFor": "A spacious afternoon with a memorable finish",
      "stages": [
        {
          "place": "nakajima",
          "note": "Choose a short loop suited to the season, followed by a café pause."
        },
        {
          "place": "moiwa",
          "note": "Allow for both ropeway stages, the view and the return queue. Descend before the last service, then travel to dinner."
        }
      ],
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#outing-park-and-view"
    },
    {
      "id": "chocolate-day",
      "title": "A little chocolate, a little delight",
      "eyebrow": "A sweet half-day with room to enjoy it",
      "image": "sapporo-shiroikoibito",
      "stops": [
        "shiroikoibito"
      ],
      "budget": 300,
      "duration": "About 5 hours",
      "mode": "transit",
      "description": "Give Shiroi Koibito Park time for the displays that interest you, a café pause and a little shopping. Book an activity if you fancy making something, then return without rushing.",
      "note": "Allow for the station approach, opening times, travel, meals and breaks. These are generous planning allowances, not a timetable.",
      "pace": "Subway and outdoor station approach; indoor displays and optional gardens",
      "startStation": "odori",
      "returnStation": "odori",
      "arrival": "Take the Tozai subway line from Odori to Miyanosawa and follow the official walking route. Include the walk and the return journey in your plan.",
      "meal": "Enjoy a booked café visit or confirm a lunch option before setting out. Chocolate is part of the fun, with time for a proper meal too.",
      "shorten": "Choose the paid visitor area and a café, leaving workshops for another visit. If you only want the grounds and shop, check what is included before buying tickets.",
      "weather": "Prioritise the indoor paid visitor area in rain; confirm it is open. Gardens, station walks and some connections are exposed, especially in snow.",
      "bestFor": "A sweet half-day with room to enjoy it",
      "stages": [
        {
          "place": "shiroikoibito",
          "note": "Choose the factory displays or a pre-booked workshop, pause for refreshments and return by subway."
        }
      ],
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#outing-chocolate-day"
    },
    {
      "id": "landscape-day",
      "title": "A landscape made for looking",
      "eyebrow": "Give Moerenuma its own lovely outing",
      "image": "sapporo-moerenuma",
      "stops": [
        "moerenuma"
      ],
      "budget": 480,
      "duration": "About 8 hours",
      "mode": "transit",
      "description": "A glass pyramid, sculpted landforms and a great deal of sky make this a different kind of city visit. Keep a generous day free for the bus both ways, a modest park walk, lunch and plenty of pauses; you can return earlier if you wish.",
      "note": "Allow for the station approach, opening times, travel, meals and breaks. These are generous planning allowances, not a timetable.",
      "pace": "Large outdoor park; long distances and hills are optional",
      "startStation": "sapporo",
      "returnStation": "sapporo",
      "arrival": "From the Sapporo subway area, take the Toho line to Kanjo Dori Higashi and connect to the current bus for Moerenuma Koen Higashiguchi. Check outward and return times before leaving; allow roughly an hour each way from the centre, more if connections are poor.",
      "meal": "Carry water and a simple lunch, or confirm the park restaurant’s opening and booking arrangements. Do not assume food is available whenever the park gates are open.",
      "shorten": "Visit the Glass Pyramid area when open and choose a nearby short loop. Avoid climbing the hills or trying to reach every sculpture.",
      "weather": "Choose a central indoor outing in heavy rain, strong wind or unsuitable winter conditions. Check Glass Pyramid closures and temporary notices, including the 9 November 2026 toilet shutdown (backup 16 November), before travelling.",
      "bestFor": "Give Moerenuma its own lovely outing",
      "stages": [
        {
          "place": "moerenuma",
          "note": "Check the return bus time on arrival, enjoy a modest park route with a lunch break, then leave ample time to reach the east entrance."
        }
      ],
      "pagePath": "/explore/sapporo/#outing-landscape-day"
    }
  ],
  "evening": {
    "image": "sapporo-susukino",
    "eyebrow": "WHEN THE CITY BEGINS TO SPARKLE",
    "title": "A lovely evening. Your own pace.",
    "description": "A clear-sky view, a short stroll beneath the signs and a dinner worth sitting down for. Sapporo makes it easy to enjoy the evening without making it a late night.",
    "category": "evening"
  },
  "planningRules": [
    {
      "place": "moerenuma",
      "otherAreas": [
        "centre",
        "south",
        "west",
        "moiwa",
        "north",
        "chocolate"
      ],
      "message": "Moerenuma is outside the central walking circuit. Allow for subway, bus connections and long park distances; it usually works best as its own outing."
    },
    {
      "place": "shiroikoibito",
      "otherAreas": [
        "moiwa",
        "north",
        "moerenuma"
      ],
      "message": "Shiroi Koibito Park is on the western edge of the city. Check subway transfers and station walks before combining it with another outlying attraction."
    },
    {
      "place": "moiwa",
      "otherAreas": [
        "centre",
        "south",
        "west",
        "north",
        "chocolate",
        "moerenuma"
      ],
      "message": "Mount Moiwa needs transport to the base, two stages of summit transport and a return journey. Check weather, queues and the last service; the planner’s visit allowance is not a transport timetable."
    }
  ],
  "orderingRules": [
    {
      "before": "nijo",
      "after": "susukino",
      "message": "Nijo is a daytime market. Visit the stalls and your chosen lunch venue before continuing to Susukino for dinner."
    }
  ],
  "essentials": [
    {
      "title": "Choose one part of the city",
      "body": "Central sights combine easily, but Moerenuma, Mount Moiwa and Shiroi Koibito Park need their own travel allowance. A spacious half-day is often more enjoyable than crossing the city repeatedly.",
      "url": "https://www.sapporo.travel/en/",
      "label": "Plan with the official city guide"
    },
    {
      "title": "Let the subway do some of the work",
      "body": "Sapporo’s three subway lines meet at Odori. The streetcar serves the southwest, and outlying attractions may need a bus. Confirm the route, fare and last useful return for your date.",
      "url": "https://www.city.sapporo.jp/st/english/",
      "label": "Subway and streetcar information"
    },
    {
      "title": "Give winter a little extra time",
      "body": "Snow and ice change even a short city walk. Wear suitable footwear, keep outdoor sections modest and use the underground passages where they help. Festival dates, snow activities and fountains are seasonal.",
      "url": "https://www.sapporo.travel/en/",
      "label": "Seasonal visitor information"
    },
    {
      "title": "Check the day’s opening notices",
      "body": "Museums have closing days, exhibitions change and ropeways can stop in wind. The Red Brick building reopened in 2025; the Beer Museum introduced paid self-guided admission in July 2026. Use the venue’s current page.",
      "url": "https://www.sapporobeer.jp/brewery/s_museum/kengaku/",
      "label": "Beer Museum visitor information"
    },
    {
      "title": "Make food part of the conversation",
      "body": "Seafood, ramen, sweets and local cooking all deserve a little attention. Ask what is in a dish, how it is prepared and what it costs. For allergies, confirm directly with the venue and use a written card.",
      "url": "https://fumijapan.com/",
      "label": "Take Fumi with you"
    },
    {
      "title": "Keep the journey back simple",
      "body": "Save your hotel name in Japanese and check the station exit or pickup point before heading out. The information centre at JR Sapporo Station can help you make sense of the day’s travel.",
      "url": "https://www.sapporo.travel/en/info/about/tourist-information-center/",
      "label": "Tourist information centres"
    }
  ],
  "officialLinks": [
    {
      "label": "Official Sapporo tourism",
      "url": "https://www.sapporo.travel/en/"
    },
    {
      "label": "Sapporo transport",
      "url": "https://www.city.sapporo.jp/st/english/"
    },
    {
      "label": "Hokkaido tourism",
      "url": "https://www.visit-hokkaido.jp/en/"
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "What is a good first day in Sapporo?",
      "answer": "Start with the restored Red Brick Government Office, the Clock Tower and a short Odori Park stroll. Add a leisurely lunch and the TV Tower if visibility is good. The first outing gives these central sights a generous day rather than a rushed checklist."
    },
    {
      "question": "Can I enjoy Sapporo without a car?",
      "answer": "Yes. Many central sights work well on foot with the subway, while the streetcar, buses and taxis help with longer approaches. Moerenuma and Mount Moiwa need extra connection planning. Check current timetables rather than treating the map as a promise of journey time."
    },
    {
      "question": "What works well on a rainy day?",
      "answer": "Choose the Red Brick building, Clock Tower, a current exhibition at the modern art museum or the Beer Museum when open. Tanukikoji offers partial shelter, and Shiroi Koibito has indoor visitor areas. Streets and station approaches still involve outdoor travel."
    },
    {
      "question": "What changes in winter?",
      "answer": "Paths can be icy, daylight is shorter and buses or ropeways can be affected by weather. Parks remain seasonal places rather than guaranteed snow-activity venues. Check official festival dates, reduce outdoor distances and keep a warm indoor alternative."
    },
    {
      "question": "Is the Sapporo Beer Museum free?",
      "answer": "Self-guided visits became paid from 1 July 2026. Guided tours, tastings and nearby restaurants have separate arrangements. Check the operator’s current admission and calendar; older guides may still describe a free visit."
    },
    {
      "question": "Can I walk everywhere in this guide?",
      "answer": "The central area lends itself to a modest walking day. Shiroi Koibito Park, Moerenuma and Mount Moiwa are separate journeys, and even the university and large parks cover substantial ground. Choose a few places near one another and use transport where it helps."
    },
    {
      "question": "Will I see the Snow Festival or autumn colours?",
      "answer": "Only in the appropriate season and conditions. Festival programmes have specific dates, and flowers and autumn colour vary from year to year. Photographs show the character of a place, not a promise of what will be happening on your visit."
    },
    {
      "question": "Can I save my own day and take Fumi along?",
      "answer": "Yes. Add places to My day, adjust the order and share or download the plan. Your saved choices stay in this browser. Use Get the Fumi app for help with food, shopping and conversations in Japan; starting credits are free and no credit card is required."
    }
  ],
  "companionBenefits": [
    [
      "sapporo-food",
      "A richer food experience",
      "Make lunch part of the discovery.",
      "A steaming bowl of Sapporo ramen, fresh seafood or something sweet from Hokkaido. Fumi can explain a menu, help you ask about ingredients and bring a little of the food’s story to your table."
    ],
    [
      "sapporo-tanukikoji",
      "Shopping with confidence",
      "Find a little piece of Hokkaido.",
      "A local sweet, a thoughtful gift or something lovely in an arcade shop. Fumi can help you ask about the materials, where it was made and how to take it home."
    ],
    [
      "sapporo-nijo",
      "A real conversation",
      "Let a friendly question become a conversation.",
      "Ask a market seller about the day’s catch or talk with a shopkeeper about their favourite part of the city. Fumi can help both sides follow the conversation and make a small encounter more personal."
    ]
  ],
  "photographs": [
    {
      "id": "sapporo-odori",
      "author": "lumoplank",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sapporo_-_Sapporo7175.jpg",
      "license": "CC0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 900,
      "alt": "Odori Park and central Sapporo seen from above, with mountains beyond"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-tvtower",
      "author": "ノボホショコロトソ",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sapporo_TV_Tower_at_Odori_Park_01.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 4.0",
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      "width": 1200,
      "height": 900,
      "alt": "Sapporo TV Tower above the trees and paths of Odori Park"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-clocktower",
      "author": "Bjørn Christian Tørrissen",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sapporo-Clock-Tower-2018.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 1024,
      "alt": "The white wooden Sapporo Clock Tower among city buildings"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-redbrick",
      "author": "掬茶",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Former_Hokkaido_Government_Office_202507.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 800,
      "alt": "The restored former Hokkaido Government Office and its flower garden in July 2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-nijo",
      "author": "K. Takeda",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E4%BA%8C%E6%9D%A1%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B42.JPG",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
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      "width": 1200,
      "height": 900,
      "alt": "Seafood stalls inside Sapporo’s Nijo Market"
    },
    {
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      "author": "MIKI Yoshihito",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tanukikoji_Shopping_Arcade_-_Jul_21%2C_2023.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 2.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 800,
      "alt": "The illuminated entrance to Tanukikoji Shopping Arcade"
    },
    {
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      "author": "lumoplank",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sapporo_-_Sapporo7197.jpg",
      "license": "CC0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 900,
      "alt": "Bright signs and evening lights at the Susukino intersection"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-nakajima",
      "author": "663highland",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nakajima_Park_Sapporo03bs5s4272.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 2.5",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 800,
      "alt": "Autumn trees beside the pond in Nakajima Park"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-hokkaido-shrine",
      "author": "S5A-0043",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%28JPN-Hokkaido%29_Hokkaido_Shrine_2026-06-06.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 675,
      "alt": "The main shrine building at Hokkaido Jingu"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-maruyama",
      "author": "t-konno",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maruyama_Park_2009_-_panoramio.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 458,
      "alt": "Spring picnics beneath the trees of Maruyama Park in Sapporo"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-moiwa",
      "author": "掬茶",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:City_nightscape_of_Sapporo_from_Mt._Moiwa_20260703a.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 675,
      "alt": "Sapporo’s evening lights seen from Mount Moiwa"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-beer-museum",
      "author": "MIKI Yoshihito derivative work: MrPanyGoff",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sapporo_Beer_Museum.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 2.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 839,
      "alt": "Historic red-brick buildings at Sapporo Beer Museum"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-shiroikoibito",
      "author": "掬茶",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shiroi_Koibito_Park_20260703g.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 675,
      "alt": "Gardens and decorative buildings at Shiroi Koibito Park"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-moerenuma",
      "author": "掬茶",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glass_pyramid_in_Moerenuma_Park_202607a.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 675,
      "alt": "The glass pyramid at Moerenuma Park beneath a blue sky"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-hokkaido-university",
      "author": "HokudaiENG",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gingko_Ave._in_Fall.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 900,
      "alt": "Golden ginkgo trees beside a path at Hokkaido University"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-art-museum",
      "author": "yukinojo",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93%E7%AB%8B%E8%BF%91%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E8%A1%93%E9%A4%A8_-_panoramio.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 900,
      "alt": "The modern architecture and entrance to Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art"
    },
    {
      "id": "sapporo-food",
      "author": "663highland",
      "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:151010_Sapporo_ramen_at_Susukino_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s.jpg",
      "license": "CC BY 2.5",
      "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 800,
      "alt": "Sapporo ramen at Sumire restaurant in Susukino"
    }
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